«ГАЗОВІ ВІЙНИ» РОСІЙСЬКОЇ ФЕДЕРАЦІЇ ТА УКРАЇНИ 2006 ТА 2009 РОКІВ: ВІЗІЇ УКРАЇНСЬКОЇ СУСПІЛЬНО-ПОЛІТИЧНОЇ ДУМКИ
Проаналізовано візії української суспільно-політичної думки щодо «газових війн» 2006 р. та 2009 р., що виникли між Російською Федерацією (РФ) та Україною. З такою метою досліджено підходи до цієї проблеми представників політичного, медійного, експертного середовищ, а також результати соціологічних моніторингів, які в цілому відображають оцінки пересічного населення. Стверджено, що розпочавшись із нібито суто економічної пропозиції російської сторони щодо підняття ціни на газ для України до ринкового рівня, насправді дії РФ мали політичну мету – покарати Київ за його зволікання у переговорах відносно створення спільного з росіянами консорціуму з розвитку української газотранспортної системи і проєвропейський курс України, розпочатий «помаранчевими», та дискредитувати українську сторону як країну-транзитера, щоби привернути увагу європейців до реалізації Росією кількох проектів із будівництва газотранспортних потоків в обхід України, які стали б альтернативою, а то й заміною українського. У висновках зазначено, що загалом, попри те, що «газові війни» 2006 р. та 2009 р. продемонстрували готовність РФ використовувати власні енергетичні ресурси заради досягнення геополітичних цілей, в Україні цю кризу почасти розглядали в контексті внутрішньої політичної боротьби. Попри наявність поглядів щодо засудження неринкових дій Росії та початку курсу диверсифікації енергетичної системи України, переважно суспільна дискусія розгорталася навколо критики, насамперед, української влади, неефективними діями якої, мовляв, і скористались у РФ. Як не парадоксально, але навіть пересічне населення винним у паливній кризі вважало, якщо не винятково офіційний Київ, то обидві сторони, рідше – тільки Росію.
«газові війни» 2006 р. і 2009 р., українська суспільно-політична думка, Російська Федерація, Україна.
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The article is specifically concerned with the visions of Ukrainian socio-political opinion on the gas wars of 2006 and 2009 that had emerged between the Russian Federation (RF) and Ukraine. The author investigated the approaches of representatives of the political, media, expert circles to provide an overview of this issue, as well as the results of sociological monitoring, which generally reflect the estimates of the average population. It has been argued that starting with a seemingly purely economic proposal to raise gas prices for Ukraine to a market level, Russia actually had a political goal - to punish Kyiv for delaying negotiations on the creation of a consortium with the Russians for the development of the Ukrainian gas transportation system and the pro-European course launched by the «orange team» and to discredit the Ukrainian side as a transit country to attract the attention of Europeans to several Russian gas pipeline construction projects to bypass Ukraine, which would become an alternative or even a replacement for the Ukrainian one. The results of the study suggest that, although the gas wars of 2006 and 2009 demonstrated the readiness of the Russian Federation to use its energy resources to achieve geopolitical aims, in Ukraine, this crisis was partly considered in the context of internal political struggle. Despite the judgment of Russia's non-market actions and the beginning of diversification of the Ukrainian energy system, mostly public discussion was unfolded around criticism, foremost, of the Ukrainian authorities, whose ineffective efforts, they say, were used by Russian Federation. Paradoxically, even the average population was to blame for the fuel crisis, if not exclusively official Kyiv, then both sides, rarely - only Russia.
"gas wars" 2006 and 2009, Ukrainian socio-political thought, Russian Federation, Ukraine.
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