УКРАЇНСЬКА ІСТОРІОГРАФІЯ В ГАЛИЧИНІ У ХІХ СТОЛІТТІ: ЕТАПИ МОДЕРНІЗАЦІЇ

 The historical thought of Ukrainians in the 19th century underwent modernization processes under the influence of the ideas of the European Enlightenment and Romanticism and the formation of national identity («national revival»). Ruthenian-Ukrainians in Halychyna have been part of the Habsburg Empire since the late 18th century and have been strongly influenced by the Polish national elite, which sought to rebuild the Polish Commonwealth, and the Russian Empire, which claimed Halychyna. Influenced by the ideas of the «Slavic national revival» among the only intellectual stratum of Ukrainians – the Greek Catholic clergy – there was a desire to preserve national identity and justify the right to exist of a separate nation. Until the 1830s , Ukrainian historiography was virtually non-existent in Halychyna, and the efforts of church leaders focused on preserving the Russian-Ukrainian language and church past. I. Lavrivskyi, M. Hrynevetskyi, M. Harysevych, and V. Kompanevych, activists of the Russian Institute (Studium Ruthenum) of Lviv University, were especially active, and the Stauropean Institute in Lviv remained the only Ukrainian religious and educational organization at the time. The second stage of the Ukrainian historiography formation in Halychyna covers the 30s – 60s of the 19th century. The activity of the «Russian Trinity» (M. Shashkevych, I. Vahylevych, Ya. Holovatskyi), which raised the «folk spirit» of the Ruthenian-Ukrainians, and the influences of historical writing in the Ukrainian lands of the Russian Empire had crucial importance in the development of the Ukrainian national movement. At the same time, a camp of «Russophiles» was formed, who sought connections with the past of Ancient Rus and support from tsarist Russia (D. Zubrytskyi). Russophiles managed to seize the public structures of Ukrainians in Halychyna, which emerged after the events of the «Spring of Nations» and the constitutional restructuring of the Habsburg monarchy. At the third stage of the development of historiography in the 60s and 90s of the 19th century in the public life of Halychyna Ukrainians prevailed «populist»  («Ukrainophiles») trend, whose representatives began to form a modern national version of the Ukrainian nation’s past. They created the first scientific and educational centers – Society «Prosvita» («Education»), Shevchenko Society, and headed the history department at Lviv University (O. Barvinskyi, I. Sharanevych). The transformation of the Shevchenko Society into research one and the creation of the Department of Ukraine History at the University of Lviv (and the arrival of M. Hrushevskyi) testified to the modernization of Ukrainian historiography in Halychyna and its integration with the Ukrainian idea.

historiography, Halychyna, modernization, Ukrainian idea.